FT2: The Brand New High-Speed Digital Mode Shaking Up Amateur Radio
Last night, I fired up my rig expecting a typical evening of digital QSOs. But instead of the familiar rhythms of FT8 or FT4, I dove into something brand new: the experimental FT2 digital mode. The result? A flurry of rapid-fire contacts with stations around the world—all in record time, and across several bands including 20 metres, 40 metres, and 80 metres. But what exactly is FT2, how does it differ from other digital modes, and could it become the next big thing in amateur radio?
Important Links
What is FT2?
FT2 is the latest experimental digital mode to hit the amateur radio scene, designed specifically for high-speed contacts. Developed by the same minds behind FT8 and FT4, FT2 is all about efficiency: it allows you to complete a full QSO in just 7–11 seconds. For context, FT8 cycles take 15 seconds, and FT4 cycles are 7.5 seconds. FT2 pushes the envelope even further with cycles of only 3.75–3.8 seconds.
This speed makes FT2 a natural fit for high-rate digital contesting, DXpeditions, and special event stations—any scenario where rapid QSOs are the goal.
Key Features of FT2
- Speed: QSOs can be completed in as little as 7 seconds, with a theoretical maximum rate of over 240 QSOs per hour.
- Modulation: Uses 8-GFSK modulation, just like FT8 and FT4.
- Payload: Carries a 77-bit payload, so the information exchanged per contact is the same as FT8/FT4.
- Sensitivity: Decoding threshold is around -12 to -14 dB—not as sensitive as FT8, but more than adequate for strong-signal conditions.
- Bandwidth: Occupies about 150 Hz of bandwidth—three times wider than FT8 and nearly double that of FT4.
How Does FT2 Differ from FT8 and FT4?
| Feature | FT8 | FT4 | FT2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cycle Length | 15 sec | 7.5 sec | 3.75–3.8 sec |
| Max QSOs/hr | ~60 | ~120 | 240+ |
| Bandwidth | ~50 Hz | ~90 Hz | ~150 Hz |
| Sensitivity | -20.5 dB | -16 dB | -12 to -14 dB |
| Modulation | 8-GFSK | 8-GFSK | 8-GFSK |
| Payload | 77 bits | 77 bits | 77 bits |
The biggest difference is speed. FT2 is 4 times faster than FT8 and about 2 times faster than FT4. This is achieved by reducing the cycle length and expanding the bandwidth, albeit at the cost of some sensitivity. FT2 is less suited to weak-signal work but shines in situations where signals are strong, and the pace is everything.
My First Night with FT2
I was genuinely impressed by how quickly I was able to log contacts—not just on one band, but across 20, 40, and 80 metres. The mode handled band changes smoothly, and signals were plentiful on each. It was a refreshing change to work so many stations in such a short time, and the experience really showcased FT2’s potential for high-rate operating.
Use Cases: Where FT2 Excels
- High-Rate Digital Contesting: If your goal is to rack up as many contacts as possible in a contest, FT2’s speed is a game-changer.
- DXpeditions: Handling massive pile-ups quickly and efficiently is crucial for DXpeditions. FT2’s rapid-fire QSOs make it ideal for these rare opportunities.
- Special Event Stations: When you want to maximise engagement and give as many operators as possible a shot at your callsign, FT2 delivers.
Will FT2 Catch On?
After my experience last night, I can see the appeal. The sheer speed makes for an exhilarating operating experience, and the mode is tailor-made for contests and DXpeditions. However, the reduced sensitivity means FT2 probably won’t replace FT8 for weak-signal work or casual QSOs—at least not yet.
Adoption will depend on a few factors:
- Software Support: As FT2 is experimental, mainstream support in popular programs like WSJT-X will be key.
- Community Buy-In: Contesters, DXpeditioners, and special event operators are likely to be early adopters.
- Band Planning: The wider bandwidth means FT2 will need careful integration into existing digital sub-bands.
Final Thoughts
FT2 is an exciting development in the world of digital ham radio. It won’t be for everyone, but for those who thrive on speed and efficiency, it could become the mode of choice. I, for one, am excited to see how the community embraces this new tool—and I can’t wait to get back on the air for another round of lightning-fast QSOs across multiple bands.
Have you tried FT2 yet?
